Indonesian Batik

Batik is one way of making fabric. Besides batik can refer to two things. The first is the technique of coloring cloth using the night to prevent staining part of the fabric. In the international literature, this technique is known as wax-resist dyeing. The second notion is the fabric or clothing made with these techniques, including the use of certain motifs that have uniqueness. Batik Indonesia, as the overall engineering, technology, and development-related motives and culture, UNESCO has been designated a Cultural Heritage for Humanity Oral and Nonbendawi (Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity) since October 2, 2009. [1]

Etimologi 
 The word "batik" is derived from the combination of two Javanese words "amba", meaning "writing" and "stop" means "stop". [Citation needed]

History of batik techniques

Art staining fabric with stain barrier techniques using night is one of the ancient art form. The discovery in Egypt showed that this technique has been known since the 4th century BC, with the discovery mummy wrapping cloth which is also coated the night to form a pattern. In Asia, a similar technique of batik is also applied in China during the T'ang Dynasty (618-907) as well as in India and Japan during the Nara Period (645-794). In Africa, such as batik technique known by the Yoruba tribe in Nigeria, and the Soninke and Wolof tribe in Senegal. [2]. In Indonesia, batik is believed to have existed since the time of Majapahit, and became very popular late eighteenth century or early nineteenth century. Produced batik batik is all until the early twentieth century and the new batik known after World War I or around the 1920's. [3]Although the word "batik" is derived from the Javanese, the presence of batik in Java itself is not recorded. G.P. Rouffaer found batik technique is likely introduced from India or Sri Lanka in the 6th century or the seventh. [2] On the other hand, J.L.A. Brandes (Dutch archaeologist) and F.A. Sutjipto (historian Indonesia) believe that the tradition of batik is a native of the area such as Toraja, Flores, Halmahera and Papua. It should be noted that the area is not the area that is affected by Hinduism but known to the ancient tradition of batik making. [4]G.P. Rouffaer gringsing also reported that the pattern has been known since the 12th century in Kediri, East Java. He concluded that this pattern can only be formed by using a canting, so he argues that the canting was found in Java at the time about it. [4] Detailed carvings that resemble batik cloth worn by Prajnaparamita, the statue of the Buddhist goddess of wisdom from East Java century -13. Detailed clothing featuring vines pattern and intricate flowers that are similar to traditional Javanese batik patterns that can be found today. This suggests that making intricate batik patterns that can only be made with a canting has been known in Java since the 13th century or even earlier.Legend in Malay literature of the 17th century, Sulalatus Salatin tells Admiral Hang Nadim ordered by Sultan Mahmud to sail to India to get 140 pieces of fabric litter with 40 kinds of flower patterns on each page. Being unable to fulfill the order, he made himself the fabrics were. But unfortunately shipwrecked on the way home and only able to take four pieces that make the Emperor disappointed. [5] By some commentators, who? litter was interpreted as batik.In European literature, batik technique was first described in the book History of Java (London, 1817) writings of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles. He was a British Governor of Java during Napoleon occupied the Netherlands. In 1873 a Dutch merchant Van provide a piece of batik Rijekevorsel obtained during a visit to Indonesia to the Ethnic Museum in Rotterdam and at the beginning of the 19th century that began to reach the golden age of batik. When exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1900, Indonesian batik riveting public and artists. [2]Since industrialization and globalization, which introduces automation techniques, new types emerged batik, known as batik and batik prints, while traditional batik produced by the technique of handwriting using canting and night is called batik. Hugh Clifford recording industry in the Week in 1895 for producing batik, rainbow fabric, and the fabric telepok

Batik Cultur

 Batik is a craft that has high artistic value and has become part of the culture of Indonesia (especially Java) since long. Javanese women in the past made ​​their skills in batik for a living, so in the past batik work is exclusively women's work until the invention of "Batik Cap" which allows the entry of men into the field. There are some exceptions to this phenomenon, namely the coastal batik masculine lines as can be seen in shades of "Mega Clouds", which in some coastal areas batik work is common for men.
The tradition of batik was originally a hereditary tradition, so that occasionally a recognizable motif batik originated from a particular family. Some batik may indicate the status of a person. Even today, some tadisional motif used only by the family palace of Yogyakarta and Surakarta.
Batik is the ancestral heritage of Indonesia (Java) that until now still exist. Batik is also first introduced to the world by President Suharto, who was then wearing batik at the UN Conference.

 

Batik Patterns 

Batik variety of shades and colors are influenced by various foreign influences. Initially, batik has a variety of shades and colors are limited, and some patterns may only be
used by certain circles. However, coastal batik absorb various external influences, such as foreign traders and also in the end, the invaders. Bright colors like red popularized by the Chinese, who also popularized the style phoenix. European colonial nations are also taking interest in batik, and the result is a style previously unknown flowers (like tulips) and also objects brought by the colonizers (the building or horse-drawn carriage), including their favorite colors like blue. Retain traditional batik s type, and is still used in traditional ceremonies, because usually each style has a representation of each

Ways of Making

Originally batik made ​​on material with white color made ​​of cotton cloth called mori. Today the batik is also made on other materials such as silk, polyester, rayon and other synthetic materials. Batik motif formed by the liquid wax by using a tool called a canting for subtle motifs, or brush to a large motif, so that the liquid wax to seep into the fabric fibers. Fabrics that have been painted with wax and then dyed with the desired color, usually starting from a young colors. Immersion then taken to another motif with color or black older. After some time the coloring process, which has dibatik cloth dipped in chemicals to dissolve the wax.