Grenn Canyon Indonesian

Indonesia was also having Green Canyon itself is no less beautiful. Actually, this place has the real name is Cukang Taneuh. Green Canyon own name was popularized by a French citizen in 1993. While Cukang Taneuh got the sense that the land bridge. That's because over the valley and ravine Green Canyon there is a bridge of land used by farmers around there to get to their gardens.

Green Canyon Indonesia is located in the village of Kertayasa, District Cijulang, Ciamis, West Java. From City Ciamis itself is about 130 km or if from Pangandaran is approximately 31 km. Near there is attraction attractions and the Airport Nusawiru Batukaras.

This amazing attraction is actually a flow of the river Cijulang passing through the cave full of beauty and charm stalaktif stalakmitnya. In addition the area is also flanked by two hills, also with many rocks and grove of trees. Everything was formed as a natural painting is so unique and so challenging to discover.

To reach this location travelers must depart from the dock Ciseureuh. Then continue the trip by boat or paddle paste is widely available there. The distance between the dock with the Green Canyon site about 3km, which can be reached within 30-45 minutes. Along the way we will pass the river with green water tosca. Perhaps this is where the name of Green Canyon originated.

Once seen rafting with a narrow groove that difficult to pass by the boat means you've reached the mouth of Green Canyon, where the water is very clear bluish color. This is where the adventure of exploring the beauty of the initial attraction starts. From here tourists can go on up to the swimming or crawling on the edge of the stone. Supplied tires and floats for those who choose to swim. Despite having to go through this way, guaranteed to be completely secure way. Even for children 6 years and older is safe enough to flow down the river by using tires and guided by a chartered boat owners.

Travel will continue to be in the basin steep walls on either side of the river. The walls to present its own beauty, the unique shape resembles a cave whose roof has collapsed. Also in the top couple of times visitors will pass through the stalactites that are still energized water droplets land. After a few hundred meters of swimming, you will see some small waterfalls on the left and right are so captivating. If you continue to swim then visitors will come to the end of the road, where there are many caves inhabited by bats

The flow of the river is quite long, so that visitors can swim your heart's content while the flow of the waterfall. In addition to beautiful views over the water, Green Canyon will be a separate heaven for those who love diving. Staying bring some diving equipment, stunning scenery the notches in the water ready to be explored and enjoyed, complete with a variety of fish that swim to and fro in the bottom of the base. For those who like challenging adrenaline, can jump from a large stone with a height of 5m to the bottom of a deep base.

For those of you who really want to enjoy the beauty of the Green Canyon attraction should be familiar with the seasons. Because the best time to enjoy this attraction is keindahaan moments after entering the dry season. Because if the rainy season, it is feared torrential rivers and water colors will be brown.

Before you decide to go to the Green Canyon, you should first prepare enough cash. Because there tidakada bank or ATM. For ATM, where lodging and accommodation facilities are complete you can get in Pangandaran.

For access to boating, there is available a fleet of boats that quite a lot. There are about 100 boats that can take you to explore this attraction. On each boat will be equipped with an interpreter and task stones to guide you on your way.

Route that must be taken to get to the Green Canyon, namely: From Jakarta and TEM, You can follow the route directions to the Central Java through Tasik City-Ciamis Cities Banjar-Pangandaran. Of JAVA and JAVA MIDDLE EAST, For EAST JAVA you can go to the Direction Central Java first, then proceed to take the path to the West Java by following the path of Direction (Purworejo-Kebumen-Wangon-Banjar-Pangandaran-Ciamis).

For those of you who use public transport, of course, do not bother thinking about the route. Because the driver will take you directly to Pangandaran (Green Canyon). But to note that you Stay there, you can chose which are in hotels in Pangandaran many available or can also stay at the attraction Batukaras very close to Green Canyon. (For hotel information data you can see the list of the available hotels at this site).

Enjoy Vacation with Your Family Long, Visit and Enjoy Potential attractions Ciamis district to another, are no less interesting with the Green Canyon.

REOG PONOROGO

Reog is one of the cultural arts that originated from East Java and the northwest Ponorogo Reog regarded as the true home town. Ponorogo city gate was decorated by warok and gemblak figure, two figures who have appeared at the time reog performed. Reog is one of the local culture in Indonesia is still very strong with things mystical and powerful mysticism.

There are five versions of the popular story that developed in the community about the origins Reog and Warok [1], but one of the most famous story is the story of the rebellion Ki Ageng Kutu, a royal servant during Bhre Kertabhumi, the last ruling King of Majapahit in the century to-15. Ki Ageng lice will anger the powerful influence of the Majapahit king's wife who came from China, but it is also the wrath of the king in the government is corrupt, he saw that the power of the Majapahit kingdom will end. He then left the king and established the college where he taught martial arts to young children, science self immunity, and the science of perfection in the hope that these young children will be the seed of the resurrection of the Majapahit kingdom again. Aware that his forces are too small to fight the royal troops Ki Ageng the political message conveyed through the performing arts Lice Reog, which is a "satire" to King Kertabhumi and his kingdom. Reog a way Ki performances Ageng Flea build local resistance using Reog popularity.

In the show Reog displayed mask lion-shaped head, known as "Singa Barong", the king of the jungle, which became a symbol for Kertabhumi, and above it is plugged in peacock feathers to resemble a giant fan that symbolize the strong influence of his Chinese colleagues who manage the over all motion- geriknya. Jatilan, played by a group of dancers gemblak a piggyback ride became a symbol of the power of the Majapahit Empire troops into comparison contrasts with warok force, behind the red clown mask that became the symbol for Ki Ageng Fleas, alone and sustain weight that reached more masks Singabarong of 50 kg using only his teeth [2]. Ki Ageng Fleas Reog popularity eventually led Bhre Kertabhumi take action and attack perguruannya, rebellion by warok quickly overcome, and forbidden to continue teaching college will warok. However, students still continue Ki Ageng ticks quietly. However, Reognya art itself is allowed to be staged because the show has become popular among the people, but the story has a new groove in which the added characters from folklore Kelono Sewandono Ponorogo ie, Goddess Songgolangit, and Sri Genthayu.

Official Version Reog Ponorogo storyline now is the story of King Ponorogo who intend applying for daughter Kediri, Dewi Ragil Yellow, but on the way he was intercepted by King Singabarong of Kediri. Singabarong king's army consisted of peacocks and lions, while the King of the Kingdom of Ponorogo and his Deputy Kelono Single Anom, escorted by warok (men dressed in black in the dance), and warok has deadly black magic. The whole dance is a dance of war between the Kingdom and the Kingdom of Kediri Ponorogo, and pitted black magic between them, the dancers in a "trance" dance when performed

Until now people Ponorogo only follow what is their heritage as a very rich cultural heritage. In his experience art is copyright Reog human creations that form the flow of the belief that there are hereditary and awake. The ceremony also use terms that are not easy for lay people to fill in the absence of a clear lineage. they embrace Parental lineage and customary law still applies.

Modern Reog usually performed in several events such as weddings, circumcisions and National holidays. Art Reog Ponorogo consists of several series of 2 to 3 dances opening. The first dance is usually performed by 6-8 brave men dressed all in black, with faces painted red. The dancers depict the figure of a brave lion. Next is a dance performed by a 6-8 girl ride a horse. In reog Traditionally, dancers are usually played by male dancers who dressed women. This dance is called the dance lesson braid or jathilan, which must be distinguished from other dances that lumping horse dance

Other opening dance if there is usually a dance by a little boy who brought the funny scenes called Single Ganong or Ganongan.

After the opening dance finished, the new core scenes whose contents depend reog condition in which the art is displayed. When dealing with marriage then love scenes are shown. For the celebration of circumcision or circumcision, is usually a story of warriors,

The scene in the art Reog usually do not follow a neat scenario. Here there is always interaction between the player and the puppeteer (usually the leader of the group) and sometimes with the audience. Sometimes a player who is performing can be replaced by another player if the player fatigue. Which is more important in art staging reog is to give satisfaction to the audience.

The final scene is a lion barong, where the actors wore masks shaped head of a lion with a crown made of peacock feathers. Weight mask can reach 50-60 kg. This heavy mask carried by the dancers with their teeth. The ability to bring this mask than obtained by heavy exercise, also believed diproleh with spiritual practices like fasting and penance.

SONGKET BALI

Fabric is not just fruit hereditary skills for the Balinese people, but also a form of cultural identity and ritual artifacts. Outside the scope of tradition tourist destination, Bali woven fabric was not limited to souvenirs or simply souvenirs typical of Bali alone, but continues to grow as a commodity to a fashion-based culture.

The process of producing a piece of woven cloth will start to spin a yarn. Then the thread is spread spanning tools, and tied with raffia helaiannya appropriate decorative pattern and color desired.

After the binding pattern, yarn dyed or colored. The thread is then dyed-gintir or separated, and only then woven into fabric.

In songket weaving, fabric woven with silver thread insert, gold, copper, or thread color on the underlying warp. Placement of additional threads to form desired patterns and sometimes also combined with tissue engineering.

For people who want to use cloth weaving as fashion products, not for the sake of the ceremony, the classic problem is related to the fabric thickness and rigidity. As a result, in the past, songket is not easy to use in a variety of fashions.

First weavers use yarn duplicate. Cain after so becomes thick and stiff. Now we introduce woven with a single thread. The process takes twice as long. Price is also much more expensive, but the results, the fabric is smooth and soft.

Some new creations have been applied in the setting of motifs, decorative ikat and songket as well as the way the coloring creations. "For ceremonies, complexion becomes sacred when it is blessed, it is not disturbed. However, basically the Balinese are very open with new motifs taken from nature in the vicinity, eg flower and leaf pattern, "Priyo said. Basic color weaving bali generally bright colors. Therefore, the creation also developed new colors more natural, pastel colors, with natural coloring material.

Following a variety of exhibits, not only to promote the work of the craftsman, but also realize that the creation is a process that should not be stopped.

http://www.komangputra.com/mengenal-kain-tenun-bali.html

Indonesian beutiful white lake toba

Lake Toba is a volcanic lake with a length of 100 kilometers and 30 kilometers wide, located in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. This lake is the largest lake in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. In the middle of this lake there is a volcanic island called Samosir Island. Lake Toba has long become an important tourist destination in North Sumatra in addition to Bukit Lawang and Nias Berastagi,

Estimated that Lake Toba explosion occurred at about 73000-75000 years ago and an eruption Supervolcano (super volcano) the most recent. Bill Rose and Craig Chesner from Michigan Technological University estimate that volcanic materials spewed out the mountain as much as 2800 km ³, with 800 km ³ of rock overlies and 2,000 km ³ of volcanic ash which is expected in the wind to the west for 2 weeks. Volcanic dust in the wind has spread to half the earth, from China to South Africa. Explosion occurred during 1 week and throw the dust up to 10 km above sea level. This incident caused mass death and in some species also followed extinction. According to some DNA evidence, this eruption also reduced the number of people to about 60% of the total human population of the earth at that time, which is about 60 million people. The eruption also caused the ice age, although experts are still debating.

After the eruption, the caldera formed which is then filled with water and became what is now known as Lake Toba. Pressure upward by magma that has not come out cause the emergence of Samosir Island.

International multidisciplinary research team, led by Dr. Michael Petraglia, revealed in a press conference in Oxford, the United States has found a new archaeological site that is quite spectacular by geologists in southern and northern India. On the site it was revealed how people survive, before and after volcanic eruptions (Supervolcano) Toba 74,000 years ago, and evidence of life below the ash heap of Mount Toba. Though the eruption source within 3,000 miles, from the distribution of ashes.

For seven years, experts from Oxford University is researching ecosystem project in India, to search for evidence of life and equipment life they left behind in a barren desert. Area with thousands of hectares of this was only the savanna (grasslands). While animal bones scattered. The team concluded that large areas is apparently covered with dust from ancient volcanic eruptions.

The spread of volcanic dust was very spacious, found almost worldwide. Derived from an ancient eruption Supervolcano, namely Mount Toba. Allegations leading to Mount Toba, because it found evidence of volcanic dust molecules form the same point in 2100. Since the caldera crater, now a lake Toba in Indonesia, 3,000 miles, from the source of the eruption. Even that is quite surprising, was the spread of dust to be recorded up to the North Pole. This is reminiscent of the experts, how powerful the super volcano Toba eruption at that time.

Estimated that Lake Toba explosion occurred at about 73000-75000 years ago and an eruption Supervolcano (super volcano) the most recent. Bill Rose and Craig Chesner from Michigan Technological University estimate that volcanic materials spewed out the mountain as much as 2800 km ³, with 800 km ³ of rock overlies and 2,000 km ³ of volcanic ash which is expected in the wind to the west for 2 weeks. Volcanic dust in the wind has spread to half the earth, from China to South Africa. Explosion occurred during 1 week and throw the dust up to 10 km above sea level.

This incident caused mass death and in some species also followed extinction. According to some DNA evidence, this eruption also reduced the number of people to about 60% of the total human population of the earth at that time, which is about 60 million people. The eruption also caused the ice age, although experts are still debating.

After the eruption, the caldera formed which is then filled with water and became what is now known as Lake Toba. Pressure upward by magma that has not come out cause the emergence of Samosir Island. International multidisciplinary research team, led by Dr. Michael Petraglia, revealed in a press conference in Oxford, the United States has found a new archaeological site that is quite spectacular by geologists in southern and northern India. On the site it was revealed how people survive, before and after volcanic eruptions (Supervolcano) Toba 74,000 years ago, and evidence of life below the ash heap of Mount Toba. Though the eruption source within 3,000 miles, from the distribution of ashes.

For seven years, experts from oxford University is researching ecosystem project in India, to search for evidence of life and equipment life they left behind in a barren desert. Area with thousands of hectares of this was only the savanna (grasslands). While animal bones scattered. The team concluded that large areas is apparently covered with dust from ancient volcanic eruptions.

The spread of volcanic dust was very spacious, found almost worldwide. Derived from an ancient eruption Supervolcano, namely Mount Toba. Allegations leading to Mount Toba, because it found evidence of volcanic dust molecules form the same point in 2100. Since the caldera crater, now a lake Toba in Indonesia, 3,000 miles, from the source of the eruption. Even that is quite surprising, was the spread of dust to be recorded up to the North Pole. This is reminiscent of the experts, how powerful the super volcano Toba eruption at that time.

bunaken

Bunaken is an island of 8 km², part of the Bunaken National Marine Park. Bunaken is located at the northern tip of the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia. It belongs administratively to the municipality of Manado. Scuba diving attracts many visitors to the island.

Other sides of Bunaken. Bunaken National Park extends over an area of 890.65 km² of which only 3% is terrestrial, including Bunaken Island, as well as the islands of Manado Tua, Mantehage, Nain and Siladen.

The waters of Bunaken National Marine Park are up to 1,566 m deep in Manado Bay, with temperatures ranging between 27 to 29 °C. It has a high diversity of - corals, fish, echinoderms or sponges. Notably, 7 of the 8 species of giant clams that occur in the world, occur in Bunaken. It also claims to have seven times more genera of coral than Hawaii, and has more than 70% of all the known fish species of the Indo-Western Pacific. Oceanic currents may explain, in part, why Bunaken National Marine Park has such a high level of biodiversity. Northeasternly currents generally sweep through the park but abundant counter currents and gyros related to lunar cycles are believed to be a trap for free swimming larvae. This is particularly true on the south side of the crescent-shaped Bunaken Island, lying in the heart of the park. A snorkeler or diver in the vicinity of Lekuan or Fukui may spot over 33 species of butterfly fish and numerous types of groupers, damsels, wrasses and gobies. The gobies, smallish fish with bulging eyes and modified fins that allow them to attach to hard surfaces, are the most diverse but least known group of fish in the park.

Banjarmasin/indonesian Floating Market

Floating Market is a traditional market Kuin estuary located on the river at the mouth of the Barito river Kuin, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. The merchants and buyers to use boats, boats in a language called Banjar. The market began after the dawn prayer until after at 07:00 am. Sunrise reflected light in the transaction of vegetables and garden produce from the villages along the Barito river and its tri

The ambience and market activities.


By watching the panorama, as if the tourist was sightseeing. The djoekoengs the merchandise laden vegetables, fruits, all kinds of fish and a variety of household goods available at the floating market. When the sun began to fade the market began to retreat, the merchants began to leave the floating market brings results obtained with satisfaction.
Unique atmosphere of the floating market and the typical jostling between big and small boat buyers and sellers find each other are always milling to and fro and the waves are always shaky play Barito river. The market does not have an organization like the floating market on the mainland, so it is not recorded how many traders and visitors or distribution of goods merchant bersarkan dagangan.Para women traders sell their produce its own boating or neighbor called the hamlet, while the second hand purchase from the hamlet for sale re called panyambangan. Keistemewaan market is still common barter transactions between the merchants boating, which is in a language called Banjar bapanduk, something unique and rare.

Indonesian Batik

Batik is one way of making fabric. Besides batik can refer to two things. The first is the technique of coloring cloth using the night to prevent staining part of the fabric. In the international literature, this technique is known as wax-resist dyeing. The second notion is the fabric or clothing made with these techniques, including the use of certain motifs that have uniqueness. Batik Indonesia, as the overall engineering, technology, and development-related motives and culture, UNESCO has been designated a Cultural Heritage for Humanity Oral and Nonbendawi (Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity) since October 2, 2009. [1]

Etimologi 
 The word "batik" is derived from the combination of two Javanese words "amba", meaning "writing" and "stop" means "stop". [Citation needed]

History of batik techniques

Art staining fabric with stain barrier techniques using night is one of the ancient art form. The discovery in Egypt showed that this technique has been known since the 4th century BC, with the discovery mummy wrapping cloth which is also coated the night to form a pattern. In Asia, a similar technique of batik is also applied in China during the T'ang Dynasty (618-907) as well as in India and Japan during the Nara Period (645-794). In Africa, such as batik technique known by the Yoruba tribe in Nigeria, and the Soninke and Wolof tribe in Senegal. [2]. In Indonesia, batik is believed to have existed since the time of Majapahit, and became very popular late eighteenth century or early nineteenth century. Produced batik batik is all until the early twentieth century and the new batik known after World War I or around the 1920's. [3]Although the word "batik" is derived from the Javanese, the presence of batik in Java itself is not recorded. G.P. Rouffaer found batik technique is likely introduced from India or Sri Lanka in the 6th century or the seventh. [2] On the other hand, J.L.A. Brandes (Dutch archaeologist) and F.A. Sutjipto (historian Indonesia) believe that the tradition of batik is a native of the area such as Toraja, Flores, Halmahera and Papua. It should be noted that the area is not the area that is affected by Hinduism but known to the ancient tradition of batik making. [4]G.P. Rouffaer gringsing also reported that the pattern has been known since the 12th century in Kediri, East Java. He concluded that this pattern can only be formed by using a canting, so he argues that the canting was found in Java at the time about it. [4] Detailed carvings that resemble batik cloth worn by Prajnaparamita, the statue of the Buddhist goddess of wisdom from East Java century -13. Detailed clothing featuring vines pattern and intricate flowers that are similar to traditional Javanese batik patterns that can be found today. This suggests that making intricate batik patterns that can only be made with a canting has been known in Java since the 13th century or even earlier.Legend in Malay literature of the 17th century, Sulalatus Salatin tells Admiral Hang Nadim ordered by Sultan Mahmud to sail to India to get 140 pieces of fabric litter with 40 kinds of flower patterns on each page. Being unable to fulfill the order, he made himself the fabrics were. But unfortunately shipwrecked on the way home and only able to take four pieces that make the Emperor disappointed. [5] By some commentators, who? litter was interpreted as batik.In European literature, batik technique was first described in the book History of Java (London, 1817) writings of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles. He was a British Governor of Java during Napoleon occupied the Netherlands. In 1873 a Dutch merchant Van provide a piece of batik Rijekevorsel obtained during a visit to Indonesia to the Ethnic Museum in Rotterdam and at the beginning of the 19th century that began to reach the golden age of batik. When exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1900, Indonesian batik riveting public and artists. [2]Since industrialization and globalization, which introduces automation techniques, new types emerged batik, known as batik and batik prints, while traditional batik produced by the technique of handwriting using canting and night is called batik. Hugh Clifford recording industry in the Week in 1895 for producing batik, rainbow fabric, and the fabric telepok

Batik Cultur

 Batik is a craft that has high artistic value and has become part of the culture of Indonesia (especially Java) since long. Javanese women in the past made ​​their skills in batik for a living, so in the past batik work is exclusively women's work until the invention of "Batik Cap" which allows the entry of men into the field. There are some exceptions to this phenomenon, namely the coastal batik masculine lines as can be seen in shades of "Mega Clouds", which in some coastal areas batik work is common for men.
The tradition of batik was originally a hereditary tradition, so that occasionally a recognizable motif batik originated from a particular family. Some batik may indicate the status of a person. Even today, some tadisional motif used only by the family palace of Yogyakarta and Surakarta.
Batik is the ancestral heritage of Indonesia (Java) that until now still exist. Batik is also first introduced to the world by President Suharto, who was then wearing batik at the UN Conference.

 

Batik Patterns 

Batik variety of shades and colors are influenced by various foreign influences. Initially, batik has a variety of shades and colors are limited, and some patterns may only be
used by certain circles. However, coastal batik absorb various external influences, such as foreign traders and also in the end, the invaders. Bright colors like red popularized by the Chinese, who also popularized the style phoenix. European colonial nations are also taking interest in batik, and the result is a style previously unknown flowers (like tulips) and also objects brought by the colonizers (the building or horse-drawn carriage), including their favorite colors like blue. Retain traditional batik s type, and is still used in traditional ceremonies, because usually each style has a representation of each

Ways of Making

Originally batik made ​​on material with white color made ​​of cotton cloth called mori. Today the batik is also made on other materials such as silk, polyester, rayon and other synthetic materials. Batik motif formed by the liquid wax by using a tool called a canting for subtle motifs, or brush to a large motif, so that the liquid wax to seep into the fabric fibers. Fabrics that have been painted with wax and then dyed with the desired color, usually starting from a young colors. Immersion then taken to another motif with color or black older. After some time the coloring process, which has dibatik cloth dipped in chemicals to dissolve the wax.

 

Sasirangan fabric from south Kalimantan,indonesian

 Sasirangan fabric, crafts typical of the area of South Kalimantan/Indonesian

Sasirangan fabric which is a local specialty craft Kalimantan Selatan (South Kalimantan) according to local elders, was used as a headband (Laung), as well as a belt worn men as well as scarves, hoods, or udat (tank) by women. Cain is also a traditional dress worn at ceremonies, and even used in the treatment of the sick. But now, no longer intended sasirangan fabric for clothing for the spiritual has become a daily activity, and it is typical clothing from South Kalimantan. In South Kalimantan, sasirangan fabric crafts is one area that needs to be preserved and developed. The word "Sasirangan" comes from the word sirang (the local language) meaning tied or sewn by hand and pulled thread or sewing in terms of language dismoke / dijelujur. If in Java called jumputan. Sasirangan fabric made using cloth materials, polyester sewn in a certain way. Then washed with an assortment of desirable colors, resulting in a material fashion multicolored patterned with stripes or a charming motif.

The process of making sasirangan fabric

First menyirang fabric, cut fabric sufficiently adapted to the purposes of women's or men's. Then the fabric motifs drawn with custom fabric, then sewn by hand disirang or jarang-jarang/renggang following the motif. Fabrics that have been sewn, drawn thread stitching in order to tighten the seams, so tightly puckered fabric and cloth are ready to enter the next process.Both the preparation of dyes, dyes used are dyes for batik. All dyes are to be used for dyeing batik fabric sasirangan. But the dyes are often used today is naphtol dyes with salts. Other materials as a maid is caustic soda (NaOH), TRO / Sepritus, boiling hot water. First dye taken in moderation, then diluted / made pasta by adding TRO / methylated, then stir until all soluble / dissolves. After all the substance dissolves, then add a few drops of caustic soda and recently added with hot and cold water as necessary. The solution should be clear / clear. To dissolve the dye naphtol considered finished and it can be used to dye cloth sasirangan.To create the desired color, then naphtol dyes have caused / dipeksasi with salt. To dissolve the salts, taken in accordance with the purposes and then add hot water gradually while stirring, stirring vigorously so that all dissolved substances and the clear solution obtained. The number of solutions tailored to the needs. Both naphtol and salt solution which can already be used to dye cloth sasirangan, namely by first rubbing / brushing naphtol dyes on fabric that has disirang which then spread over more / smeared salt solution so there will be color on the fabric that has been smeared appropriate sasirangan with the desired color. Once all the colored fabric, fabric washed until the washing water is not colored anymore.

 Songket,Traditional Malay Fabric

Songket is a type of woven traditional Malay and Minangkabau in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei. Songket woven brocade classified in the family. Songket woven by hand with gold and silver threads and generally worn on formal occasions. Metallic yarn metallic background tertenun brilliant sheen effect fabric.
Term

The word comes from the term songket sungkit in Malay and Indonesian language, which means "hook" or "gouging". This relates to the method of manufacture; hook and took a pinch of woven fabric, and then slipped the gold thread. [1] In addition, according to some, the word songket also be derived from the word songka, Palembang skull believed to the first time the habit of weaving with thread Gold began. [2] The term menyongket means 'weave with threads of gold and silver'. Songket is a luxurious woven fabric that is usually worn during festivity, celebration or party. Songket can be worn wrapped around the body like a glove, draped across the shoulders, or as a headband or tanjak, jeweled headband. Tanjak is a kind of hat headdress made of songket fabrics commonly worn by the sultans and princes and nobles Malay Sultanate. [3] According to tradition, songket only be woven by virgins or young girls: but now men also participated in weaving songket . [2] Some traditional songket patterns Sumatra has a certain meaning.Songket must go through eight ratings before a piece of cloth and still traditionally woven. Because weavers usually from the village, it is not surprising that his motives were patterned with local plants and animals. This motif is often also called by the name of Malay cakes like serikaya, diamonds, and starch trays, thought to be the king sweet indulgence.

History

 Minang woman who was weaving songket about 1900Songket weaving is historically associated with the settlement and Malay culture, and according to some people the technique introduced by Indian or Arab traders. [2] According to the folk tale Palembang songket is the origin of the ancient trade between China and India. The Chinese provide silk yarn whereas India accounts for gold and silver thread; then, be songket. [4] Songket woven on a frame loom Malay. The intricate patterns created by introducing the threads of gold or silver with the use of a needle extra flat. It is not known with certainty from whence comes songket, according to the tradition of weaving techniques such as Kelantan is coming from the north, the region of Cambodia and Siam, which later evolved into the southern Pattani [5] and finally reach Kelantan and Terengganu around the 1500's. [6 ] small cottage industry of weaving songket still survive on the outskirts of Kota Bahru and Terengganu. [7] However, according to Terengganu weavers [citation needed], it Indialah traders who introduced the weaving technique was first in Palembang and Jambi, which may have been in effect since Sriwijaya era (the 7th century until the 11th). [2]

 Songket Palembang worn by the bride's wedding dress custom Aesan GedeAccording to Indonesia's own tradition, songket nan golden glories associated with Srivijaya, [8] [9] maritime commercial empire wealthy prosperous again blossomed in the 7th century to the 13th in Sumatra. This is due to the fact that most mahsyur songket craft center is the city of Palembang in Indonesia. Songket is a luxurious fabric that originally require some real gold to be gold thread, then hand woven into a beautiful fabric. Historically gold mine located in the interior of Sumatra and Jambi Minangkabau highlands. Although gold thread was found in the ruins of the site of Srivijaya in Sumatra, along with rubies that have not honed, and pieces of gold plate, until now there has been no definitive proof that the local weavers have been using gold thread as early as the year 600's to 700's AD. [ 2] Songket may be developed at a later period in Sumatra. Songket Palembang songket is the best in Indonesia, both measured in terms of quality, which is nicknamed the "Queen of All Fabrics". Songket exclusive requires between one and three months to complete, while the ordinary songket only takes about 3 days. At first the men using songket as a headband, tanjak or headband. Then it began to Malay women wear the baju kurung songket sarong.Documentation regarding the origin of songket is still not clear, the possibility of achieving the Malayan peninsula songket weaving through marriage or partnership between Malay royalty, songket valuable because often times used as a dowry or delivery in a marriage. Such a practice is commonly done by Malay countries to tie a strategic alliance. Songket craft center located in politically significant kingdoms because of the material making the expensive real gold thread is made of pure gold sheet of the original. [10]Songket as fashion kings are also mentioned in the text Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir in 1849. [11]

Motive

 Songket has traditional motifs that have been the hallmark of this craft culture-producing region. For example motif Kalamai Saik, Fruit Palo, Barantai Putiah, Barantai Red, Tampuak Manggih, Salapah, Fireflies, fires, Cukie Baserak, Sirangkak, Silala Rabah, and is typical of songket Clever Simasam Sikek, Minangkabau. [12] Several government area has patented their traditional songket motifs. Of 71 owned songket motif Sumatera Selatan, only 22 motifs listed in the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Ministry of Justice and Human Rights. Palembang songket motif of 22 that have been listed among the motives Bungo Intan, Lepus Pulis, silver trays, and Limar relay. While 49 other motives have not been registered, including Berakam Berante motif on the official uniform Sriwijaya Football Club. Besides Berante Berakam motif, several other motifs that have not registered the songket motifs Lepus Berakam Star, Nago Besaung, Diamond Powder Affairs Limar Tigo, Tigo Public Limar Pretty Sweet, Lepus Stars Full, Full of Roses Berkandang Limar, and a number of other motives. [9]Songket is nowJudging from the material, method of manufacture, and cost; songket cloth was originally a luxury of the nobles who showed degrees of glory and dignity of the wearer. But now songket are not only meant for the wealthy segments of society and be alone, because the price is varied: from a common and relatively inexpensive, to an exclusive with a very expensive price. Now with the use of synthetic gold thread songket were no longer outstanding as of yore expensive using real gold. Nevertheless, the best quality songket still regarded as a graceful art form and are quite expensive.Since ancient times until now, songket is a popular choice for Malay traditional wedding dress, Palembang, Minang, Aceh and Bali. This fabric is often given by the groom to the bride as a wedding gifts delivery. At the present time, the official fashion Malay men often wear songket cloth wrapped around the top of pants or a headband, tanjak, or headband. As for the daughter songket sarong wrapped around a combined-match with kebaya or baju kurung.Although derived from traditional crafts, songket industry is a craft that kept alive and dynamic. The craftsmen especially in Palembang songket is now trying to create new motifs are more modern and the choice of colors are softer. This is an effort that songket always follow the times and popular society. [9] As art objects, songket was often framed and used as a room decoration. Application of modern songket are very diverse, ranging from handbags, skull cap, and even cell phone pouch.Songket craft center

 Songket traditional Sasak Lombok.In Indonesia, songket weaving handicraft center can be found on Sumatra, Borneo, Bali, Sulawesi, Lombok and Sumbawa. On the island of Sumatra, the eminent songket craft center and the superior is in the area of ​​Smart Sikek and Silungkang, Minangkabau, West Sumatra, [12] as well as in Palembang, South Sumatra. In Bali, songket weaving village can be found in Klungkung regency, especially at Sidemen village and Gelgel. While in Lombok, a village in the district Sukarara Jonggat, Central Lombok regency, is also famous for its handicrafts songketnya. [13] Outside Indonesia, the songket artisans found in Malaysia, among others, on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula [14] particularly in suburban cottage industry Bahru, Kelantan and Terengganu, as well as in Brunei. [10]

Footnotes

 1. ^ National Geographic Traveller Indonesia, Vol 1, No. 6, 2009, Jakarta, Indonesia, page 632. ^ Abcde Gold Cloths of Sumatra: Indonesia's Songkets from Ceremony to Commodity, Cantor Art Gallery, Worcester, Massachusetts, 2007, by Susan Rodgers, Anne Summerfield, John Summerfield3. ^ "The Art of Songket"4. ^ Indonesia, Malaysia & Singapore Handbook. Cit "The songket evolved when the first Malay sultanates Began trading with China (where the silk came from) and India (where the gold and silver thread derived)."5. ^ Gold cloths of Sumatra: Indonesia's songkets from ceremony to commodity By Susan Rodgers, Anne Summerfield, John Summerfield, Cantor Art Gallery6. ^ Songket: Malaysia's woven treasure Grace Inpam Selvanayagam Oxford University Press, March 1, 19907. ^ The Grove encyclopedia of Islamic art and architecture, Volume 2 By Jonathan M. Bloom, Sheila Blair8. ^ "The Ancient Sriwijaya Heritage" Show Sheen and Customary Marriage Songket Sumatra9. ^ A b c Sriwijaya Post. "Songket Palembang Abstract Motif", (Sriwijaya Post). Retrieved on January 16, 2012.10. ^ A b Uchino, Megumi (July 2005). "Socio-cultural history of Palembang Songket '. Indonesia and the Malay World (Routledge) 33 (96): 205-223. doi: 10.1080/13639810500283985.11. ^ Tale By Hamza Abdullah Hamdani12. ^ Ab Songket Weaving Clever Sikek (West Sumatra - Indonesia)13. ^ National Geographic Traveller Indonesia, Vol 1, No. 6, 2009, Jakarta, Indonesia, page 6214. ^ The Malay handloom weavers: a study of the rise and decline of traditional ... By Maznah Mohamadhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Songke